Business Degree Certification Practice Test

What is the primary focus of McGregor's Theory X?

1. Workers are self-motivated

2. Workers dislike work

3. Workers seek responsibility

4. Workers value teamwork

The correct answer is: Workers dislike work

McGregor's Theory X primarily posits that workers inherently dislike work and will avoid it if they can. This theory reflects a more pessimistic view of human nature and worker motivation, suggesting that because employees dislike work, they need to be closely supervised, controlled, and even coerced to perform their tasks effectively. Under this perspective, management's role is to impose strict controls and incentives to ensure that employees complete their work. This contrasts significantly with Theory Y, which presents a more optimistic view, suggesting that workers are self-motivated, seek responsibility, and find satisfaction in their work. The focus on negative assumptions about employee attitudes in Theory X shapes how management may structure their organizational environment and practices, emphasizing a top-down approach in leadership.